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Freshwaters are important emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), two potent greenhouse gases (GHGs).
Natural and man-made inland waters represent globally significant sites of methane production and emit annually about 100 Tg of this potent GHG to the atmosphere. On the other hand, a large fraction o...
Extreme climate events (ECEs) have increased and are projected to further increase in intensity and frequency across the United States and the world. Such events include tropical storms and hurricanes...
Extreme climate events (ECEs) have increased and are projected to further increase in intensity and frequency across the United States and the world. Such events include tropical storms and hurricanes...
Measurements of volcanic SO2 emission rates have been the mainstay of remote-sensing volcanic gas geochemistry for almost four decades, and they have contributed significantly to our understanding of ...
Since 70 % of global forests are managed and forests impact the global carbon cycle and the energy exchange with the overlying atmosphere, forest management has the potential to mitigate climate chang...
Ray Schmitt's introduction to this issue underlines the importance of including the oceanic component of the hydrological cycle in considerations of Earth's climate. Spatial and temporal salinity vari...
The oxygen concentration in the ocean is controlled by a delicate balance between the source from atmosphere-ocean interaction and net respiration of organic matter after the water leaves the surface ...
The tight coupling between nitrogen and carbon cycling has important implications for global climate. These two cycles are under growing anthropogenic pressures (e.g., warming temperatures, changes in...
Hydrothermal vents are among the most biologically active regions of the deep ocean. However, our understanding of the limits of life in this extreme environment, the extent of biogeochemical transfor...
Seamounts play a fundamental role in facilitating the exchange of fluids, heat, and solutes between the oceanic lithosphere and the overlying ocean. Global heat flow compilations indicate that much of...
The variational formulation of Bayes' theorem allows inferring CO2 sources and sinks from atmospheric concentrations at much higher time–space resolution than the ensemble or analytical approaches. Ho...
This manuscript describes the energy and water components of a new community land surface model called the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES). This is developed from the Met Office Surface Ex...
The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) is a process-based model that simulates the fluxes of carbon, water, energy and momentum between the land surface and the atmosphere. Many studies have ...
Evaluating the models we use in prediction is important as it allows us to identify uncertainties in prediction as well as guiding the priorities for model development. This paper describes a set of b...

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